Infographic: Who Really Pays for Tariffs? These Scholars Tracked a Bottle of Wine To Find Out.

The article centers peer-reviewed economic research (NBER study) with neutral, explanatory language to illustrate how tariffs function across supply chains. While the framing emphasizes consumer harm and production inefficiency—themes aligned with free-market critiques of tariffs—the article presents the research findings objectively without loaded language, allows Trump's price-absorption argument acknowledgment, and avoids partisan framing.

Primary voices: academic or expert

• This article does not address arguments for tariffs (e.g., protections for domestic industry, national security, worker displacement)
• This article does not discuss whether the wine tariff case generalizes to other product categories or tariff implementations
• This article does not contextualize tariff revenue distribution or use